Bibliographic record
Abstract
Human herpes viruses are highly successful intracellular parasites. With the exception of varicella-zoster virus (VZV), they cause asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic primary infection, establish latent infection, and persist lifelong. During the host's lifetime, they periodically reactivate and infect other susceptible individuals. As long as the host's immune system is not compromised, the balance between virus and host is maintained. However, immunosuppression induced by disease or therapy can alter the balance between virus and host, resulting in systemic virus infection and concomitant disease. The human Herpesviridae includes three subfamilies (see Table 3.1). Transmission by transfusion does not appear to occur with herpes simplex virus (HSV) or VZV. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is by far the most important herpes virus in transfusion medicine, and its relative significance increased greatly in the last two decades, due to increases in bone marrow transplantation, solid-organ transplantation and more aggressive chemotherapy for malignant disease. This chapter reviews the role of CMV and Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) in transfusion medicine. Human herpes viruses 6, 7, and 8 (HHV-6, HHV-7, and HHV-8) are reviewed briefly but are covered in detail in the chapter on newly identified agents (Please refer to Chapter 28). Cytomegalovirus Transfusion-acquired CMV infection has been the subject of numerous reviews (Blajchman et al ., 2001; Gunter and Luban, 1996; Hillyer et al ., 1994; Pamphilon et al ., 1999b; Preiksaitis, 2000; Tegtmeier, 1989; 2001; Wong and Luban, 2002).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.120 | 0.094 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".