Correspondence between effects of dietary cholesterol versus plant sterols on plasma cholesterol responsiveness and cholesterol trafficking in healthy humans
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The objective was to determine the degree of correspondence in plasma cholesterol concentration changes caused by dietary cholesterol (DC) versus plant sterols (PS) and their effects on cholesterol trafficking. A randomized, cross‐over, placebo controlled free‐living clinical trial (n=51) with 3 treatment phases of 4 week duration each separated by a 4 week washout was conducted. During each phase, participants consumed one of the three treatments containing 0.6 g DC, 2 g PS/day or a placebo after breakfast meal. Plasma lipid profile was determined and cholesterol absorption (CA) was measured by using a stable isotope [3, 4‐ 13 C]‐labeled cholesterol administered orally. Cholesterol synthesis (CS) was assessed using plasma lathosterol as a surrogate marker. DC intake increased total cholesterol (TC) compared to placebo (0.16 mmol/L; P = 0.037) and PS (0.25 mmol/L; P = 0.005). PS intake reduced (0.20 mmol/L; P = 0.042) LDL‐C only compared to DC. Cholesterol absorption was inhibited ( P = 0.0001) by PS consumption compared to placebo. Results showed that the degree of cholesterol lowering with PS intake was not in concordance with the cholesterol elevating offset caused by DC intake with respect to TC and LDL‐C. The offsets in CA and CS caused by DC and PS did not align with those of LDL‐C and TC. The large inter‐individual variability in the plasma lipid responsiveness to PS and DC intake in the population could be ascribed to the above results.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".