Quebec Accession to Independence and State Succession Relating to Treaties (L'Accession Du Quebec a La Souverainete Et La Succession D'Etats En Matieres De Traites)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This is one of the updated studies originally prepared for the Commission on the Political and Constitutional Future of Quebec (1990-1991) and for the Parliamentary Committee to Examine Matters Relating to the Accession of Quebec to Sovereignty (1991-1992). This study, sponsored by the Government of Quebec in 2002, is entitled Quebec Accession to Independence and State Succession Relating to Treaties. It deals with the issue of an independent Quebec's succession to treaties to which Canada is a party. This study examines whether or not Article 34 of the 1978 Vienna Convention on Succession of States in Respect of Treaties (on secession) represents customary international law in light of recent State practice on State succession to multilateral and bilateral treaties in the context of the dissolution of the USSR, Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia. The study concludes that there is an emerging presumption in favour of the continuity of treaties. It also considers the official position adopted by the Government of Quebec on State succession to treaties in the context of the 1995 referendum in favour of the principle of continuity. Finally, we examine what should be the position of an independent Quebec with respect to the 630 treaties entered into by Canada during the period 1991-2001 as well as the status of the 300 international agreements signed by the government of Quebec.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.007 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.015 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".