Mitochondrial properties in Rhabdomyosarcoma: An insight into the molecular mechanisms of muscle differentiation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a type of cancer that arises in muscle tissue and primarily affects children. RMS cells remain immature and thus, their lack of differentiation into mature muscle cells is one of the hallmarks of this disease. The cause of this lack of differentiation remains unknown. In this study, we hope to gain an insight into the molecular mechanisms of RMS cell differentiation and how mitochondrial properties may be involved in this process, particularly related to mitochondrial movement, morphology and protein markers of mitochondrial biogenesis. For the purpose of this study, human skeletal muscle cells (HSKM) and rhabdomyosarcoma (RD) were induced to differentiate for a period of 7 days. While no difference was observed in mitochondrial speed, acceleration and distance travelled from the origin in HSKM cells after 7 days of differentiation, RD cells exhibited an approximate 2‐ fold increase in speed and acceleration after 7 days of differentiation. Moreover, mitochondria in RD cells had a more punctate appearance after 7 days of differentiation. p53, a regulator of cell cycle arrest, was markedly elevated in RD cells. However, BAX, a regulator of apoptosis, remained highly expressed in HSMK cells throughout the 7 day differentiation period. While these changes occurred in HSMK and RD cells, no difference in PGC1‐α, a marker of mitochondrial biogenesis, was observed. This study suggests that mitochondrial properties and motility are altered in RD cells when induced to differentiate, and this could be related to the degree of tumorigenesis. Supported by NSERC and Mitacs.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".