Green Fluorescent Protein-Tagged β-Arrestin Translocation as a Measure of G Protein-Coupled Receptor Activation
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) superfamily is the largest family of integral membrane proteins. GPCRs respond to a wide variety of sensory and chemical stimuli and contribute directly to the regulation of all major organ systems. As such, GPCRs represent primary drug targets for therapeutic intervention. Although GPCRs respond to a diverse range of ligands and signal through multiple heterotrimeric G proteins, the inactivation of GPCR signaling is mediated by a limited set of proteins. In particular, the desensitization of the majority of GPCRs is mediated by the binding of two arrestin isoforms, beta-arrestin1 and beta-arrestin2, that exhibit overlapping substrate specificity. In response to GPCR activation and phosphorylation by GPCR kinases, beta-arrestins redistribute from the cytosol to the plasma membrane to bind GPCRs and subsequently target the receptors for internalization via clathrin-coated vesicles. This property of beta-arrestins has allowed the development of a green fluorescent protein (GFP)-based assay for detecting GPCR activation by confocal microscopy. This beta-arrestin-GFP translocation methodology is described in detail in this chapter.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it