Bibliographic record
Abstract
The goals of the modern dairy producer are much higher than those of past producers. Therefore, emphasis on vitamins and dietary supplements is required to ensure that dairy cows are healthy and are able to meet the high production demands placed upon them. This project is very much a part of this ultimate goal as it examines the effects two rumen-protected choline products have on the dry matter (DM) and nitrogen (N) disappearance in rumen digesta. In this experiment, 2 rumen-protected choline products, [ProCholine™ 50 (P-50), Probiotech, Inc., St-Eustache, QC, Canada; and Reashure®, Balchem Encapsulates, New Hampton, NY] were incubated in situ in 2 rumen cannulated cows. Dacron bags containing the product samples were placed into the rumen of each cow. Two bags per product (~ 2.5 g of product) per cow were removed at the same time intervals: 0, 2, 4, 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours. The material remaining in the bags after incubation were analyzed for DM (105oC oven overnight), N (Kjeldahl, strong acid method). DM analysis showed that Reashure® is a much more rumen-stable product, as its rate of disappearance was 1.15% per hour with a rumen degradation of 2.62% over 48 hours. ProCholine™ 50, however, had a 27.50% per hour disappearance and degraded 38.70% over 48 hours. Nitrogen analysis reaffirmed this trend: Reashure® had a 1.75%per hour rate of disappearance and a 12.54% degradation over 48 hours. Pro-Choline ™ 50 had a 16.85% rate of disappearance and a 57.30% degradation over 48 hours.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".