Environmental Marine Geoscience 3. Continental Shelf Sediment Transport Studies in Canada: Theories and Recent Technology Advances
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This article, the first of two companion papers, provides a review of recent progresses in shelf sediment transport theories and technological advances. Surficial geology and bedform mappings in the 1970s first demonstrated the existence of various bedforms over much of the Canadian shelves, and were used to deduce sediment transport processes and pathways on these shelves. Development of in situ instruments and sparse field measurements started in the early 1980s; meanwhile, primitive sediment transport models were also developed. In the last 15 years, electromagnetic current meters and optical back-scatter sensors continue to be the popular choices for velocity and suspension measurements. But various acoustic sensors provide non-intrusive, high-resolution measurements and are thus more promising. The instrumented platform RALPH developed at the Geological Survey of Canada has been continually upgraded and improved to stay at the cutting edge of shelf sediment transport technology. Sediment transport models have been significantly upgraded and calibrated based on advances in combined-flow bottom boundary layer theory and new in situ sediment transport measurements. Resume Ce premier article de trois presente une description des progres recents sur les theories du transport des sediments cotiers et sur les avancees technologiques en la matiere. Au cours des annees 1970, les travaux de geologie des depots meubles et de cartographie des fonds marins ont permis la definir une variete de formes des fonds marins sur une grande partie des plates-formes canadiennes, ce qui a permis de deduire les mecanismes de transport sedimentaires a l'œuvre ainsi que les voies empruntees sur ces plates-formes. Au debut des annees 1980, des instruments in situ ont ete mis au point et quelques mesures de terrain ont ete prises alors que les premiers modeles de transport des sediments etaient elabores. Durant les 15 dernieres annees, les courantometres electromagnetiques et les capteurs a retrodiffusion optique ont continue d'etre les instruments privilegies pour la mesure des parametres de vitesse et de suspension. Cependant, divers detecteurs acoustiques qui permettent des mesures non-intrusives et de haute resolution ont un avenir plus prometteur. La plate-forme d'instruments RALPH, qui a ete mise au point a la Commission geologique du Canada, a continuellement ete modernisee et maintenue a la fine pointe de la technologie du transport des sediments cotiers. Les modeles de transport des sediments cotiers ont ete considerablement raffines grâce aux avancees de la theorie des ecoulements mixtes des couches limites ainsi que des mesures in situ du transport des sediments.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.006 | 0.016 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".