<scp>OP05</scp>.02: Corroboration of normal and abnormal fetal cerebral lamination on postmortem sonography with neuropathological examination
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The presence of normal fetal cerebral lamination of the germinal matrix, intermediate zone, subplate zone, and cortical plate can be used as a marker for normal cerebral development. The purpose of this study is to compare postmortem sonographic imaging assessment of normal and abnormal fetal cerebral lamination with findings on neuropathological examination. Following institutional ethical approval, 22 fetuses underwent postmortem sonography. Cerebral lamination was graded as normal or abnormal on sonography and compared with postmortem findings. Neuropathological correlation was available in 18/22 fetuses. In 8 fetuses, cerebral lamination patterns were considered to be normal. Neuropathological examination confirmed normal histological patterns of cerebral lamination in all 7 cases in which full autopsy was performed. Among 14 fetuses with abnormal intracranial findings, postmortem sonography was inconclusive in one fetus which had undergone cephalocentesis. In 12/13 remaining fetuses, lamination patterns were considered abnormal. Three patients declined autopsy; intracranial malformations were confirmed in all 3 on postmortem sonography. One fetus had structural brain abnormalities but lamination was thought to be normal, which was confirmed at autopsy. Neuropathological examination confirmed abnormal lamination in 7/9 fetuses; in 2 fetuses, autopsy findings were inconclusive. In 4 fetuses, abnormalities of lamination were isolated (cytomegalovirus infection in 2 and periventricular leukomalacia in 2); in 3 fetuses, there were structural intracranial abnormalities in combination with abnormal laminar patterns. Postmortem sonographic assessment of normal fetal cerebral lamination patterns can be consistently correlated with neuropathological findings in this series. In the abnormal fetal brain, postmortem sonography can provide confirmation of antenatally suspected intracranial abnormalities, including abnormal lamination, particularly when autopsy is declined or inconclusive.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".