Bibliographic record
Abstract
Neurons and glial cells are the two main classes of cells present in brain. There are four classes of glial cells in the brain that differ by their origin, morphology, and function: microglia, oligodendrocytes, NG2 (nerve/glia antigen 2) cells, and astrocytes. Microglial cells, which are derived from the mesoderm, represent approximately 10% of glia and are the resident immune cells of the central nervous system (CNS). Three subclasses compose the macroglia and are derived from the ectoderm. As an overview one can consider that: (1) the oligodendrocytes are mainly involved in the myelination of axons, (2) the NG2 cells comprise oligodendrocyte precursor cells but they are also multipotential cells, although this issue is still debated, and (3) finally, astrocytes are the predominant glial cells in the brain that establish active interactions with neurons and the vascular system. With the exception of NG2 cells, all glial cells are characterized by the expression of gap junction proteins (connexins) with specific features and properties. In addition, a number of neuropathological disorders involve changes in Cx expression and channel function. WIREs Membr Transp Signal 2013, 2:133–142. doi: 10.1002/wmts.87 Conflict of interest: The authors have declared no conflicts of interest for this article. For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website .
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".