Vitamin K and cognitive function in healthy older adults. The NuAge Study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Evidence is accumulating from in vitro and rodent studies that vitamin K plays a role in brain and could have a positive effect on cognitive function, especially during aging. The present study examined cross‐sectional associations between vitamin K status and cognitive performance in 320 cognitively‐healthy men and women aged 70–85 y from the Québec Longitudinal Study on Nutrition and Successful Aging. Vitamin K status was measured as serum phylloquinone concentrations. Verbal and non‐verbal episodic memory, executive functions, and speed of processing were assessed using 13 cognitive scores from 6 tests. The median serum phylloquinone concentration was 1.06 nmol/L (range, 0.08–23.57 nmol/L). After adjustment for covariates including diet quality and serum lipid profile, higher serum phylloquinone concentration (log‐transformed) was associated with better cognitive scores ( Z ‐transformed) on the second (β = 0.47; 95% CI = 0.13 to 0.82), the third (β = 0.41; 95% CI = 0.06 to 0.75), and the 20‐min delayed (β = 0.47; 95% CI = 0.12 to 0.82) trials of the RL/RI‐16 Free and Cued Recall Task, a test of verbal episodic memory. No associations were found with non‐verbal episodic memory, executive functions, and speed of processing. Overall, our study provides evidence for a role of vitamin K in episodic verbal memory among healthy older adults. This research was supported by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".