Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Charter guarantees the fundamental rights and freedoms of all Canadians. It does this through two kinds of provisions. The first are provisions describing the rights and freedoms guaranteed. The second are provisions providing remedies or sanctions for breaches of these rights. ... Litigation under the Charter has been preoccupied with the content of the guaranteed rights and freedoms. Remedies have usually taken a back seat. That is understandable, since the question of remedy is reached only once an infringement of a right or freedom has been established. However, litigation under the Charter should not be mistaken for academic debate. The pursuit of a remedy lies at the heart of every Charter case. Only a remedy can give substance to a right or freedom that is found to have been infringed. Remedies required the attention of the Supreme Court of Canada in a half dozen Charter decisions handed down over the past year. Those decisions treat a wide variety of issues arising under both of the remedial provisions, subsection 24(1) of the Charter and subsection 52(1) of the Constitution Act, 1982. They tend to confirm the existing jurisprudence and to exhibit a cautious approach to Charter remedies, an approach under which the court’s remedy should respect the institutional role of the legislature.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".