"The community school literally takes place in the community": Alternative Education in the Back-to-the-land Movement in the West Kootenays, 1959 to 1980
Bibliographic record
Abstract
AbstractThis article examines two alternative schools developed by back-to-the-land communities inthe West Kootenays, British Columbia. The Argenta Friends School offered an alternativeeducation in a rural community to senior high school students. Quaker observation informedthe school’s consensus governance and self-directed learning. The Vallican Whole School wasa product of the Slocan Valley counterculture, and taught children from age six to sixteen.Children were encouraged to pursue their own interests rather than to follow a strict curriculum.Although they had different approaches to education, both schools emphasized theimportance of learning rural skills as the foundation of an education that encouraged studentsto thrive in the place where they lived.RésuméCet article traite de deux écoles alternatives fondées par deux communautés prônant un retourà la terre dans les West Kootenays en Colombie-Britannique. L’Argenta Friends School offraitune formation alternative en milieu rural à des élèves de niveau secondaire avancé. La gouvernancepar consensus et l’apprentissage autodirigé de l’école s’appuyaient sur l’idéologie desQuakers. La Vallican Whole School influencée par la contre-culture de la vallée de Slocan,enseignait aux élèves de six à seize ans. Les enfants étaient encouragés à poursuivre leurs propresapprentissages au lieu de suivre un programme d’études bien défini. Malgré leurs approchesdifférentes, ces deux écoles mettaient l’accent sur l’acquisition des compétences qui aideraientles élèves à prospérer dans le milieu rural où ils vivaient.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.008 | 0.006 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".