Nematodes intercepted in introduced germplasm of horticultural crops.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Imported germplasm of horticultural crops comprising seeds, stem cuttings, rhizomes, suckers, bulbs, rootstocks and tissue culture plantlets, was examined for associated plant parasitic nematodes by employing suitable detection techniques. Several plant parasitic nematodes were intercepted which include Scutellonema bradys on yams from USA; Ditylenchus dipsaci on flower bulbs (gladiolus, narcissus, tulips) and garlic bulbs from Denmark, the Netherlands and France; Aphelenchoides fragariae and Pratylenchus brachyurus in seedlings of chrysanthemum and strawberry from Australia, the Netherlands and USA; Heterodera humuli from Humulus lupulus (rooted cuttings) from Australia and Germany; Meloidogyne incognita, Pratylenchus coffeae, P. crenatus, P. penetrans. P. vulnus and Tylenchorhynchus spp. on rootstocks of apple, pear, peach, plum, apricot and Rubus species from Australia, Canada, France, Germany and USA. Interception of A. fragariae, D. dipsaci, H. humuli and P. penetrans are of high quarantine importance, as they are yet not recorded from India. Analysis of results revealed that import of horticultural crop germplasm in the form of stem cuttings, scions and tissue culture plantlets was the safest way of introduction. The infested material was salvaged using hot water treatment or nematicidal treatment. Post-entry quarantine inspection of released planting material revealed non-occurrence of exotic nematode species.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".