Optically isotropic and monoclinic ferroelectric phases in<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>Pb</mml:mtext><mml:mrow><mml:mo>(</mml:mo><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>Zr</mml:mtext></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>1</mml:mn><mml:mo>−</mml:mo><mml:mi>x</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>Ti</mml:mtext></mml:mrow><mml:mi>x</mml:mi></mml:msub></mml:mrow><mml:mo>)</mml:mo></mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mtext>O</mml:mtext><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>(PZT) single crystals near morphotropic phase boundary
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We report the finding of unusual scale-dependent symmetry below the ferroelectric Curie temperature in the perovskite $\text{Pb}({\text{Zr}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\text{Ti}}_{x}){\text{O}}_{3}$ single crystals of morphotropic phase boundary compositions. The crystals of tetragonal symmetry on submicrometer scale exhibit a macroscopic (optically determined) cubic symmetry. This peculiar optical isotropy is explained by the anomalously small size of tetragonal ferroelectric domains. Upon further cooling the crystals transform to the phase consisting of micrometer-sized domains of monoclinic symmetry.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.010 | 0.012 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.005 | 0.010 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.009 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.008 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.008 | 0.010 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.010 | 0.008 |
| Open science | 0.012 | 0.009 |
| Research integrity | 0.010 | 0.009 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.909 | 0.011 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".