Bibliographic record
Abstract
With increasing global energy demand, clean and renewable tidal energy is an appealing alternative energy source.The predictable and reliable nature of tides makes tidal energy an interesting option for electricity generation.The Bay of Fundy, Nova Scotia, has the world's highest tides, with a range of over 16 m vertically and 5 km horizontally.Specifically, the Minas Passage area of the Bay of Fundy has been selected for tidal energy research, where tidal energy may be harnessed without a great environmental impact.This area has straight flowing currents and a sediment-free bedrock sea floor, suitable features for in-stream tidal turbines.FORCE (Fundy Ocean Research Centre for Energy), a not-for-profit partnership, has been conducting the research in the Minas Passage area, along with Natural Resources Canada's CanmetENERGY and other collaborators.The history of tidal energy activities in the Bay of Fundy is presented and the different in-stream technologies are described in this case study.A tidal barrage, (the Annapolis tidal generating station), has been operating for several years.In addition, various companies have begun testing in-stream turbines at the FORCE test site.Challenges are identified for both technologies.The tidal barrage has impacted marine life, as well as local erosion.In the case of the tidal turbine, the first turbine deployed did not withstand the Minas Passage flows. 1
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".