Environmental Marine Geoscience 2. Multibeam Bathymetry and Backscatter Imaging of the Canadian Continental Shelf
Bibliographic record
Abstract
High-resolution, multibeam technology has revolutionized the study of marine continental shelf geology in the 1990s. For the first time, complete coverage maps of the seabed are becoming available: the marine equivalent of the aerial photograph. This article reviews the principles that lie behind multibeam bathymetric and backscatter surveying, and also details the mapping platforms available to researchers in Canada. Examples of imagery derived from a wide range of geologic settings, spanning the Cambro-Ordovician through to the present, are presented from sites located on the eastern Canadian continental shelf. Resume Au cours des annees 1990, la technologie des leves multifaisceaux a haute resolution a revolutionne l'etude de la geologie des plateaux continentaux marins. Pour la premiere fois dans l'histoire, une couverture cartographique complete des fonds marins est devenue possible; c'est l'equivalent de la photographie aerienne. Le present article passe en revue les principes des methodes de leve bathymetriques multifaisceaux et de retrodiffusion, et presente les particularites des diverses plateformes de cartographie a la disposition des chercheurs au Canada. Le lecteur y trouvera egalement une large fourchette d'exemples de milieux geologiques differents provenant de divers endroits de la plateforme continentale de l'Est du Canada et allant du Cambro-Ordovicicn jusqu'au present.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.010 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".