Application of Laser Diffraction Grain‐Size Analysis to Reveal Depositional Processes in Tidally Influenced Systems
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The differentiation of depositional environments using the grain-size distribution patterns of estuarine channel sediments is investigated in two parallel depositional environments of different ages: the Cretaceous McMurray Formation in the Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin; and the Miocene Pebas Formation in the Amazonia foreland basin. Channel sediments from fluvial-dominated coastal plain/inner estuary settings are compared with marine-influenced middle estuarine channel deposits. The upward decreasing grain-size trend and simultaneous change to more poorly sorted grain-size distributions of the coastal plain estuary depositional sequence indicate the transition from a fluvial-dominated regime to a mixed fluvial and tidal regime. The fluvial-dominated coastal plain/inner estuary sands have clear bimodal grain-size distributions with a minor mode in coarse sand. They are coarser grained, better sorted and more negative skewed than the inclined heterolithic stratified channel sands of the mixed fluvial and tidal regime of the middle estuary. X-ray diffraction results show that decreases in the proportion of kaolinite from fluvial to estuarine sediments and then a further decrease to shoreface sediments combined with a simultaneous increase in the proportions of smectite, illite and chlorite are indications of the change of the depositional environments from riverine to more marine during the ongoing transgression.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".