Preferred Sporting Environment and Coaching Behaviours: Perspectives From Canadian High School Athletes
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the sporting environment and coaching behaviours preferred by Canadian high school athletes. Thirty athletes (23 boys, 7 girls) between the ages of 13 and 18 years (M=16.2; SD=1.45) participated in individual semi-structured interviews lasting between 19 and 39 minutes (M=28). Participants were asked to describe what type of environment they believe should be fostered in high school sport and to indicate what constitutes effective versus ineffective coaches in this context. The software NVivo was used to organise the data, which was analysed through a content analysis. Results indicated that most athletes prefer an environment that promotes participation and development and coaches who are supportive, knowledgeable about the sport they are coaching, that prioritise athlete development, and are good motivators. Conversely, athletes believed high school sport should not prioritise competition and ineffective coaches were seen as those who offer little or no support, prioritise winning, are not organised, and have limited knowledge of the sport they are coaching. Results are discussed using models of coaching and the coaching science literature. Cette etude visait a cerner les preferences de jeunes athletes canadiens du secondaire par rapport a l'environnement sportif et aux comportements des entraineurs. Pour ce faire, des entrevues semi-dirigees d'une duree de 19 a 39 minutes (M=28) chacune ont eu lieu avec trente athletes (23 garcons et 7 filles) de 13 a 18 ans (M=16,2; ET=1,45). Les chercheurs ont demande aux participants de decrire leur type d'environnement sportif prefere et d'expliquer ce qui rend un entraineur competent ou incompetent a leurs yeux. Ils ont eu recours au logiciel NVivo pour organiser les donnees, qui ont ete ensuite decortiquees au moyen d'une analyse de contenu. Les resultats ont revele que la plupart des athletes du secondaire preferent evoluer dans un environnement sportif qui encourage la participation et le developpement, et qu'ils aiment mieux cotoyer des entraineurs positifs qui ont une grande connaissance du sport dont ils sont responsables, qui accordent beaucoup d'importance au developpement des athletes et qui savent comment les motiver. Par contre, les athletes etaient d'avis qu'au secondaire, les sports devraient etre moins competitifs et jugeaient incompetents les entraineurs qui offraient rarement ou jamais de soutien, qui etaient obsedes par l'idee de gagner, qui etaient desorganises et qui ne connaissaient pas bien le sport dont ils etaient responsables. Dans cet article, les chercheurs discutent des resultats a partir de modeles d'entrainement et de documentation sur l'art de l'entrainement .
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.021 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".