Measurement of organic and inorganic ions in cable insulation and shields
Bibliographic record
Abstract
It was demonstrated that HPIC (high-performance ion chromatography) can detect inorganic and organic ions in PE (polyethylene) and XLPE (cross-linked PE) insulation and shields in concentrations as low as approximately 10 mu g/L in the extraction solutions. This analytical technique requires liquid extraction of the ions prior to their content evaluation. The limitations of the extraction technique used are discussed. The detected inorganic ions correspond to the elements determined by other analytical techniques, but the ionic fraction is small. The actual ionic fraction could be higher, since the extraction technique used is far from being optimized. Manufacturing and aging lead to increased SO/sup 2-//sub 4/ and Cl/sup -/ contamination in XLPE cables. Migration from the contaminated shields appears to be one of the causes for this increase. Use of the much cleaner acetylene black should improve the situation. Organic ions were also detected and appear to be essentially by-products of PE oxidation. It is possible that service aging induces the formation of more oxalate ions. Shields made with ethylene vinyl acetate may also generate some acetate ions.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".