A study of water quality, zooplankton and macrophytes in wetlands of the Canadian Great Lakes basin: Implications for the restoration of Cootes Paradise Marsh
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The overall objective of this study was to provide information on the ecology of coastal wetlands of the Great Lakes. Very little is known regarding the ecology of these highly productive and unique ecosystems. In particular, the aim was to assess the restoration of Cootes Paradise Marsh (via carp exclusion) by looking at zooplankton and how they are affected by water quality and habitat structure. Sixty additional marshes in the Great Lakes basin were visited to assess the quality of Cootes Paradise relative to these wetlands and to provide wetland managers throughout the basin with a large database with which to compare the restoration and degradation of other threatened marsh habitats. This study describes how aquatic macrophytes and lower trophic levels are affected by water and sediment quality and how wetland quality is influenced by 2 major anthropogenic stressors: land-use and carp. Ultimately, an index (WZI) was developed using the zooplankton community as indicators to aid in the assessment of wetland quality. Because the database we used to develop the index included wetlands from all four Canadian Great Lakes, including a diverse range of wetland quality, wetland types and geomorphological settings, it should be widely applicable across the Great Lakes basin. Detailed comparisons of water quality, macrophyte and zooplankton communities showed that there were significant improvements in wetland quality observed in shallow and protected areas of Cootes Paradise Marsh following carp exclusion; however, open and exposed sites remained unchanged and the quality of this coastal marsh was low to moderate relative to high quality marshes existing elsewhere in the Great Lakes basin. Carp exclusion alone was not responsible for these observed changes, and therefore, further remedial actions will be required to increase the functional capacity of this degraded coastal wetland.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".