The effects of rejuvenation during hypothermic storage on red blood cell membrane remodeling
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Our previous studies showed that hypothermic storage (HS) induces red blood cell (RBC) microparticle (RMP) generation and changes in phosphatidylserine (PS) and CD47 expression on RBCs and RMPs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of cold rejuvenation treatment at multiple time points during storage on these prehemolytic indicators of RBC membrane storage lesion. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Leukoreduced RBC units in saline-adenine-glucose-mannitol were used to generate three groups: untreated controls, sham-treated units, and units treated with a cold (1-6°C) rejuvenation solution on Day 28, 35, or 42 of HS. Units were assessed for hemolysis, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) concentration, lipid composition, and RMP generation, as well as PS and CD47 expression throughout 49 days of HS. RESULTS: Rejuvenation treatment led to a significant increase in ATP concentration in all units, irrespective of treatment day. There were no significant differences between sham- and rejuvenation-treated RBC samples in the levels of PS externalization, CD47 expression, or the rate of RMP formation. RBCs rejuvenated on Day 28 were enriched in glycerophosphocholine (+23.5%), depleted in sphingomyelin (-14%), and slightly depleted in cholesterol (-3.5%). CONCLUSION: Cold rejuvenation in hypothermically stored RBCs affects the lipid composition of RBCs and respective RMPs in a time-dependent fashion.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".