Physiological and behavioural effects of hypoxemia in reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) immobilised with xylazine-etorphine
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study examined the physiological effects of xylazine-etorphine (XE) immobilisation in reindeer (Rangifer tarandus), as well as post-immobilisation recovery and behaviour. Six reindeer weighing 105 ± 18 kg (mean ± s.d.) were immobilised via remote delivery of XE into the hind limb musculature. The animals were immobilised for 30 min on two separate occasions, and a randomised crossover design was used to assign nasal oxygen (O2) or unsupplemented air to each animal. Arterial blood gases were collected and analysed at zero (time of arterial catheter placement), 5, 10, 20 and 30 min. Heart rate and respiratory rate, temperature, and arterial blood pressure were monitored every 5 min. After 30 min, immobilisation was reversed with naltrexone hydrochloride and tolazoline hydrochloride. The animals underwent behavioural testing (time required to navigate a novel maze) to assess cognitive function pre- and post-immobilisation. Significantly higher arterial O2 tension levels were seen in O2-supplemented animals (range 95–313 mmHg) compared with unsupplemented animals (range 26–70 mmHg). Hypoxemic animals had elevated heart rates and lactate levels compared with normoxemic. Immobilisation had a significant effect on the animals’ ability to navigate a novel maze.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it