Seismic Refraction Surveys in British Columbia, 1941-1966- a Preliminary Interpretation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Seismic refraction studies between 1964 and 1966 in the interior plateau and ranges of British Columbia are described. A reversed profile along the interior plateau from Quesnel to Merritt with an unreversed extension to the U.S. border has been interpreted in two ways. The preferred solution in terms of rms fit shows that the transition from subnormal to normal Pn velocity takes place north of Clinton. The mantle-crust boundary undulates several kilometers, and the crust is on the average 30 km thick. There is no evidence for an intermediate layer, and the upper basement velocity is uniform at 6.1 km/sec. Observations from the Ripple Rock explosion of 1958 and another profile southwest from Revelstoke are difficult to reconcile, since they require a rapid crustal thinning between Kamloops and Hope, B.C., where the inferred depth is only 28 km. A second solution suggests a uniform Pn velocity of 8.0 km/sec and crustal thinning toward the north in the interior plateau and to the west across the interior ranges and plateau. Crustal depths vary from 34 to 28 km in the area. The fit to the observations with this model is not quite so good, but observation parallel and perpendicular to the physiographic strike can be reconcile with gentler dips. Again no intermediate layer velocity can be determined. Neither seismic model fits a naïve interpretation of the gravity data available, and the magnetic variation results are insufficient to help distinguish between them. The uniformly thin crust and the negative Bouguer anomalies suggest that the upper mantle low velocity layer must be at shallow depth in central British Columbia.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.005 | 0.009 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".