Application of Halalan Tayyiban in the Standard Reference for Determining Malaysian Halal Food
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The increase number of cases on the misuse of halal logo and questionable status of halal food has raised manyconcerns among the Muslim consumers regarding the status of halal food in Malaysia. The various reports onthe issues of fraud in halal food also indicate that there are weaknesses in the procedure of determining halalfood. In this case, an investigation on the procedures and standard reference used by the Department of IslamicDevelopment Malaysia (JAKIM) to determine halal food in Malaysia needs to be conducted in order to gain theconsumer’s trust and confidence on JAKIM’s logo. This study advocates that the concept of halalan tayyibanshould be used as the framework to determine halal products as it considers both the physical and spiritualbenefits of the food to mankind. So far, it has not been proven that the standard references used by JAKIM areconsistent with this concept. Specifically, this study aimed to investigate the application of halalan tayyiban inthe standards and procedures used by JAKIM to determine halal food in Malaysia. For this purpose, aframework for determining halal food based on the concept of halalan tayyiban has been developed. Four mainstandard references used by JAKIM, namely the Malaysian Standard MS 1500, MS 1480, MS 1514, Halal FoodManual Procedures, Food Acts 1983 and Food Regulations 1985 were then analysed based on the developedframework. Additionallly, semi-structured interviews were conducted with selected key personnel from JAKIMto verify the application of halalan tayyiban in the procedure of issuing halal food certification. This studyrevealed that the standard references used by JAKIM were consistent with the concept of halalan tayyiban. Thepractice taken by JAKIM’s personnel to issue the halal food certification also conformed to the concept ofhalalan tayyiban. It can be concluded that JAKIM has applied the concept of halalan tayyiban in determininghalal food in Malaysia. These findings help to improve the consumers’ confidence on the food determined ashalal by JAKIM. They also contribute to development of the well-being and sustainability of a community,especially the Muslim community.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.010 | 0.011 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.007 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".