Detection and localization of blue and fin whales from large-aperture autonomous hydrophone arrays: A case study from the St. Lawrence estuary
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
The feasibility of using passive acoustic methods (PAM) to monitor time-space distribution of fin and blue whales in the Saguenay-St.Lawrence Marine Park was explored using large-aperture sparse hydrophone arrays.The arrays were deployed during summers 2003 to 2005 at the head of the 300-m deep Laurentian Channel.They were composed of 5 AURAL autonomous hydrophones moored at mid-water depths, near the summer sound channel.A small coastal array complemented the deployment in 2003.The apertures were from 20 to 40 km and the configurations were changed from year to year.The most frequent calls recorded were blue and fin whale signature infrasounds.Noise from transiting ships on the busy St. Lawrence Seaway often masked the calls on the nearest hydrophones.Sometimes this resulted in an insufficient number of receivers for localizing the whales using time difference of arrival (TDoA) methods.The technical characteristics of the arrays and data processing are presented, with an example of call detection and localization.Despite the difficulties inherent to this environment, PAM can be effectively implemented there, eventually for real-time operations. r s u m La faisabilit d 'utiliser la technologie de monitorage acoustique passif (PAM) pour suivre la distribution spatio-temporelle des rorquals bleus et communs dans le Parc Marin Saguenay-Saint-Laurent a t explore l'aide de rseaux d 'hydrophones maille lche couvrant de grandes distances.Les rseaux ont t dploys pendant les ts 2003 2005 la tte du chenal Laurentien, profond de 300 m.Ils taient composs de 5 hydrophones autonomes AURAL mouills mi-profondeur, prs du couloir de son estival.Un petit rseau ctier de faible ouverture compltait le dploiement en 2003.Les ouvertures des rseaux taient de 20 40 km et leurs configurations taient changes chaque anne.Les vocalisations les plus frquentes taient les infrasons identitaires des rorquals bleus et communs.Le bruit de navires transitant dans la Voie Maritime achalande du Saint-Laurent masquait souvent les vocalisations sur les hydrophones les plus proches, ce qui parfois rsultait en un nombre insuffisant de rcepteurs pour localiser les baleines l'aide de mthodes utilisant les diffrences de temps d 'arrive (TDoA).Les caractristiques techniques des rseaux et du traitement des donnes sont prsentes avec un exemple de dtection et de localisation.Malgr les difficults inhrentes cet environnement, la technologie PAM peut y tre efficacement implmente, ventuellement pour des oprations en temps rel.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it