Effects of pH on the kinetic reaction
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
In most cases, kinetic unfolding reactions of proteins follow a simple one-step mechanism that does not involve any detectable intermediates. One example for a more complicated unfolding reaction is the acid-induced denaturation of holo-myoglobin (hMb). This reaction proceeds through a transient intermediate and can be described by a sequential two-step mechanism (Konermann et al. Biochemistry 1997, 36, 6448-6454). Time-resolved electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI MS) is a new technique for monitoring the kinetics of protein folding and unfolding in solution. Different protein conformations can be distinguished by the different charge state distributions that they generate during ESI. At the same time this technique allows monitoring the loss or binding of noncovalent protein ligands. In this work, time-resolved ESI MS is used to study the dependence of the kinetic unfolding mechanism of hMb on the specific solvent conditions used in the experiment. It is shown that hMb unfolds through a short-lived intermediate only at acidic pH. Under basic conditions no intermediate is observed. These findings are confirmed by the results of optical stopped-flow absorption experiments. This appears to be the first time that a dependence of the kinetic mechanism for protein unfolding on external conditions such as pH has been observed.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it