Geomorphological and vegetation interaction and its relationship to slope stability on the Niagara Escarpment, Bruce Peninsula, Ontario
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The stability of the face of the Niagara Escarpment is a critical issue in the possible development of this important natural resource. In an attempt to provide background data for future resource management strategies a pilot study was initiated in the Hope and Barrow Bay section of the Bruce Peninsula. Results indicate that most of the initial erosion and steepening of the slopes resulted from the movement of glacial ice over the upper Escarpment. These steep slopes were maintained by low water stages of Lake Algonquin which resulted in the concentration of erosion in the relatively weak Fossil Hill Formation. At present instability is localized to certain parts of the Escarpment and appears to be both spatially random and sporadic, but is generally associated with certain conditions. Instability is usually found where outcrops of more resistant beds are being presently undercut by the weathering and mass wasting of weaker shale and heavily jointed dolomite beds. This activity is recognizable by lack of vegetation or by the dominance of Thuja occidentalis.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".