Segmentation of voiced newborns' cry sounds using wavelet packet based features
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper proposes a method for the segmentation of newborn's cry signals recorded in real conditions using the Teager-Kaiser energy operator (TKEO). Based on the wavelet packet analysis, the audio signals are divided into different frequency channels, and then the TKEO and the energy are estimated within each band. The Hidden Markov Models have been used as a classification tool to distinguish the voiced cry parts from the irrelevant acoustic activities that compose the audio signals. The proposed method divided the audio signal containing newborns' cry sounds into different periods showing the audible Expiration and Inspiration of the cry. Different levels of wavelet packet transform have been used to verify the performance of the proposed method on crying signals segmentation and have shown that based on wavelet packet decomposition, the TKEO measure is more effective than the traditional energy measure in detecting important parts of cry signal in a very noisy environment. The proposed features have shown to achieve an accuracy rate of 84.08 %.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".