Assessing mid‐continent area power pool capacity adequacy including transmission limitations
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract This paper presents the results of a multi‐area generating capacity adequacy assessment performed by the Composite System Reliability Working Group (CSRWG) for the Mid‐Continent Area Power Pool's (MAPP's) United States (US) thermal system. The impact of transmission resource limitations within the MAPP region on the system reserve margin has been studied. In addition, the generating unit forced outage rate uncertainty, extreme hot summer loading conditions and the load forecast uncertainty are explicitly modelled in the study. The basic objective of this study was to determine the Reserve Capacity Obligation (RCO) for the MAPP‐US thermal system for the years 2003, 2006, 2009 and 2012. Similar studies have been performed in 1991 and 1994, and one of the purposes of this study was to determine whether or not the recommendations from the previous studies were still valid. The results of the study confirmed the current RCO level for the MAPP‐US thermal system. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".