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Record W1550194356

Invisibility, Interviewing, and Power: A Researcher's Dilemma

2001· article· en· W1550194356 on OpenAlex
Marcia S. Marx

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

venuePublished in a venue whose home country is Canada.
no affNo Canadian affiliation: this work is invisible to an affiliation-only frame.
No Canadian affiliation. An affiliation-only frame, the usual design, would never have seen this work. It is one of the works that make the case for inverting the frame.

Bibliographic record

VenueResources for feminist research · 2001
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldSocial Sciences
TopicQualitative Research Methods and Ethics
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsSociologyDilemmaInterviewHumanitiesFocus groupEpistemologyPhilosophy
DOInot available

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

The ability to conduct humane, sensitive qualitative research is an important goal for all scholars. In order to accomplish this, researchers must examine the process of data collection. The issue of power is important to these discussions; however, the focus is typically on the inherent inequalities in power and status between researchers and participants in the study. While this is critical to feminist approaches, it is only dynamic of power in the research setting. This paper examines how the structural location of respondents in an organization's hierarchy also affects how access to respondents is gained and how rapport is established with them. Effectuer une recherche qualitative sensible constitue un but important pour tous les universitaires. Afin d'accomplir ceci, les chercheures doivent examiner le processus de collecte des donnees. La question du pouvoir est tres importante dans le contexte de cette discussion; I'emphase, cependant, est typiquement place sur le desequilibre entre chercheurs et participants de I'etude. Alors que cet aspect est important aux approches feministes, cela ne s'arrete pas la. Cet article discute de la facon dont le positionnement structurel des participants dans la hierarchie d'un organisme affecte la facon dont on accede aux participants et dont on etablit un rapport avec eux. The structure of power within an organization, such as a university, imposes various constraints upon the research process; however, when the researcher understands these constraints, they can be overcome and even become useful data. Research has shown that the solutions to traditional problems of gaining access to and establishing rapport with respondents are influenced by the social location of both researcher and respondent (Wolf, 1996; Andersen, 1993; Reinharz, 1983). Specifically, characteristics such as race, class, and gender of all participants, researched and researcher alike can influence the data collected in the research process. Scholars who are interested in such structural effects often assume that there is an inherent inequity of power between a researcher and the participants of the study (Wolf, 1996; Reinharz, 1992; Stacey, 1988; Oakley, 1981). Wong (1998) even refers to this as one of the greatest dilemmas of feminist field work -- the exploitive and hierarchical relationship during fieldw ork (p. 179). The researcher's power includes her own privileges based on race and class as well as her control over the design of the study and how the results are analyzed and presented (Bhavnani, 1990). Most discussions of power in the research process focus on the relationship of the researcher and respondent and assume that the researcher is the ultimate authority that can exercise power at all stages of the research process. Not all scholars, however, believe that the relationship of power between research and respondent is a unilateral one. Others assert that respondents do have control over this process and can resist participating in the research (Wong, 1998; Behar, 1993, 1996; Kondo, 1990). To better understand the power of respondents, this research shows that the field setting itself structures the researcher's relationship with respondents. Indeed, the researcher must examine the social location of a respondent in the power structure of an organization in order to examine how best to gain access to them and how to establish rapport with them. Specifically, a researcher can overcome the structural constraints of power by negotiating a role consistent with the respondent's level of power, both impr oving the quality of interactions and enriching the research process. Analyzing the interviewee's position in the organization's structure not only leads to better research, it also reveals information about the nature of what is occurring in the everyday life structure of those positions. Literature Review: Feminist approaches to research Interpretative, feminist, and critical methods contend that in order to conduct humane, ethical research, full disclosure of the research objectives begins with gaining access (Oakley, 1981; Reinharz, 1992). …

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.078
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.027
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesMetaresearch, Science and technology studies
Consensus categoriesMetaresearch, Science and technology studies
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Not applicable · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.851
Threshold uncertainty score0.999

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0780.027
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.001
Science and technology studies0.0030.006
Scholarly communication0.0010.000
Open science0.0010.001
Research integrity0.0000.001
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.476
GPT teacher head0.605
Teacher spread0.129 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it