Differential expression of the RNA-binding motif protein 3 in human astrocytoma
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The RNA-binding motif protein 3 (RBM3), which is transcriptionally induced by low temperature and hypoxia, has recently been found to be upregulated in human tumors. However, its expression status in human astrocytoma is not well defned. This article focuses on the differential expression of RBM3 in human astrocytomas of different grades and normal brain tissues. METHODS: RBM3 was detected in astrocytomas and normal brain tissues by quantitative real-time PCR, immunohistochemistry, and Western blotting. Analysis of variance was performed on the data from quantitative real-time PCR. The Fisher's exact test was used to analyze the immunohistochemistry results. A P-value of less than 0.05 indicates a statistically significant difference. RESULTS: On one hand, the mRNA expression levels of three X-chromosome-related RBM genes (RBMX, RBM3, and RBM10) were detected by quantitative real-time PCR. The results showed that there were no significant differences in RBMX and RBM10 mRNA expression levels in human astrocytomas of different grades and normal brain tissues. However, RBM3 mRNA expression levels were elevated in high-grade (World Health Organization (WHO) Grade III-IV) astrocytomas versus low-grade (WHO Grade I-II) astrocytomas (5.06 ± 0.66 vs. 1.60 ± 0.58; P < 0.05) or normal controls (5.06 ± 0.66 vs. 1.03 ± 0.22; P < 0.05) as determined by quantitative real-time PCR analysis. On the other hand, immunohistochemistry showed an increased RBM3 labeling index in astrocytomas of different grades and normal brain tissues (positive staining rate: astrocytoma Grade IV, 92.9%; astrocytoma Grade III, 81.8%; astrocytoma Grade I-II, 50%; normal brain tissues, 37.5%; high-grade astrocytoma versus normal brain tissues, P < 0.05; high-grade astrocytoma versus low-grade astrocytoma, P < 0.05). The higher protein levels of RBM3 were also validated in high-grade astrocytomas and low-grade astrocytomas compared with normal brain tissues by Western blotting. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that the overexpression of RBM3 may serve as an important molecular mechanism underlying astrocytic carcinogenesis. Moreover, RBM3 may have proliferative and/or proto-oncogenic functions in human astrocytomas.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it