Actividad reproductiva de los erizos Lytechinus variegatus y Echinometra lucunter (Echinodermata: Echinoidea) en relación con factores ambientales en el Golfo de Cariaco, Venezuela
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Reproductive activity of the sea urchins Lytechinus variegates and Echinometra lucunter (Echinodermata: Echinoidea) in relation to environmental factors at the Gulf of Cariaco, Venezuela. We made monthly determinations of gonad development, female:male ratio, and reproductive index (gonad weight as a percentage of total wet weight) of Lytechinus variegatus and Echinometra lucunter during 16 months at Turpialito in the Gulf of Cariaco, Venezuela. The cover of macroalgae and sea grasses in the collection sites was recorded monthly, water temperature was monitored continuously, and salinity, oxygen content and seston concentration were recorded at weekly intervals. For both sea urchin species, there was high variability in the gonad index throughout the study and the male to female ratio was 1:1. The gonad index of L. variegatus tended to be higher from July to November, and there was a high percentage of spawning (phases IV, V) individuals during most of the year. For E. lucunter the gonad index did not show a clear pattern and individuals with immature gonads were observed throughout the study. There was no clear relationship between reproductive events and the environmental factors studied for either L. variegatus or E. lucunter, although, for L. variegatus, gametogenesis may have been related to low temperature and gonad maturation with high temperatures. Rev. Biol. Trop. 56 (Suppl. 3): 341-350. Epub 2009 January 05.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".