Caregiving appraisal and disease activity in early inflammatory arthritis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The caregiving process accompanying inflammatory arthritis can be stressful to both caregivers and care recipients. In this study, we examined how caregiving involvement and caregiving appraisal as perceived by both patients and their caregiving spouses relate to disease activity and mental health of patients in early inflammatory arthritis. METHODS: Patients in the early phase (> 6 weeks, <18 months duration) of inflammatory arthritis were recruited from a larger early inflammatory arthritis registry, which recorded sociodemographic data and disease characteristics. Disease activity was measured with the Disease Activity Score in 28 joints (DAS28). Current depressive symptoms were measured using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies - Depression Mood Scale. Patient and spouse perceived caregiving involvement and caregiving appraisal were assessed using the Caregiving Involvement Questionnaire and Caregiving Appraisal Scale, respectively. RESULTS: The study sample consisted of 73 patients living with spouse. Mean age was 54 years, 64.4% were women and mean illness duration was 7.48 months. Patients' positive caregiving appraisal was associated with less disease activity (DAS28) (p = 0.003) and less total depressive mood (p < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, patients' appraisal of the caregiving context was negatively associated with disease activity (DAS28) after controlling for caregiving involvement and depression (p = 0.035). CONCLUSION: This study indicates that, in early inflammatory arthritis, patients' caregiving appraisal might be important to consider when assessing disease activity. Clinicians are encouraged to include both patients and their spouse caregivers in interventions.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".