Phthalic Acid and Derivatives
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The article contains sections titled: 1. Phthalic Acid 2. Phthalic Anhydride 2.1. Physical Properties 2.2. Chemical Properties 2.3. Resources and Raw Materials 2.4. Production 2.4.1. Gas‐Phase Oxidation 2.4.1.1. Catalyst and Reaction Mechanism 2.4.1.2. Apparatus and Important Process Steps in the Gas‐Phase Oxidation ofo‐Xylene 2.4.2. Fluidized‐Bed Oxidation 2.4.3. Liquid‐Phase Oxidation ofo‐Xylene 2.5. Environmental Protection 2.6. Quality Specifications and Analysis 2.7. Economic Aspects 2.8. Storage and Transportation 2.9. Uses 3. Phthalimide 3.1. Properties 3.2. Production 3.2.1. Production from Phthalic Anhydride and Ammonia 3.2.2. Production from Phthalic Anhydride and Urea 3.2.3. Production fromo‐Xylene 3.3. Uses 4. Phthalonitrile 4.1. Properties 4.2. Production 4.2.1. Production fromo‐Xylene 4.2.2. Production from Phthalic Acid Derivatives 4.3. Uses 5. Phthalates 5.1. Physical and Chemical Properties 5.2. Raw Materials 5.3. Production 5.4. Environmental Protection 5.5. Quality Specifications 5.6. Storage and Transportation 5.7. Uses 5.8. Economic Aspects 6. Toxicology 6.1. Use of and Exposure to Phthalic Acid and Derivatives 6.2. Toxicological Profiles 6.2.1 Phthalic Acid 6.2.2 Phthalic Anhydride 6.2.3 Phthalimide 6.2.4. Phthalonitrile 6.2.5. Phthalate Esters 6.2.5.1. Metabolism and Toxicokinetics 6.2.5.2. Acute Toxicity 6.2.5.3. Irritation and Sensitizing Potential 6.2.5.4. Repeated DEHP Dosing 6.2.5.5. Genotoxicity and Mutagenicity 6.2.5.6. Carcinogenicity 6.2.5.7. Reproductive Toxicity 6.2.5.8. Effects of Phthalate Esters by Groups 6.3 Risk Assessment 6.3.1 Biomonitoring and Human Exposure to Phthalate Esters 6.3.2 Carcinogenicity
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.055 | 0.021 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".