Variation in germination response within Scotch thistle,<i>Onopordum acanthium</i>L., populations matured under greenhouse and field conditions
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The effects of two maturation conditions (greenhouse and field) on germination percentages and rates were determined for cypselas (seeds) of Scotch thistle, Onopordum acanthium L. Four collections from each of three populations were tested in 1996 and 1997 (one of the same 1996 populations was used again in 1997, but two were different). Cypselas from all collections were incubated within three days of collection at 25˚C and 10˚C, for 14 hours light, and 10 hours dark, respectively. In general, cypselas that matured under warmer temperatures (greenhouse) germinated at higher percentages than those that matured under cooler temperatures (field). For example, in the Environmental Sciences Western (ESW) population at least five times as many cypselas from each greenhouse collection germinated than from the comparable field collection. Cypselas that matured early in the season were usually more germinable than those that matured later. However, field-produced cypselas from half of the populations had the opposite trend. Overall, all populations that matured under warmer conditions germinated at higher percentages than those matured under cooler conditions. Germination rates showed no clear trends among collections or between greenhouse- and field-matured cypselas.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".