Le rôle des institutions culturelles et des missions à Ľ étranger dans la circulation des idées géographiques. Ľ exemple de la carrière de Pierre Deffontaines (1894-1978)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
THE PLACE OF CULTURAL POLICY ABROAD IN THE CIRCULATION OF GEOGRAPHICAL IDEAS: THE CASE OF THE CAREER OF PIERRE DEFFONTAINES (1894-1978). Between the two world wars, France reinforced its cultural policy abroad. Many French Institutes were founded, particularly in the coutries of the "Petit Entente" and in Latin America. These institutes were located near foreign universities which helped French Scholars travel abroad. Pierre Deffontaines (1894-1978) is significant in this respect, as most of his carrer took place abroad. Thanks to the two main successive positions which he held - one in France at the Catholic Faculties of Lille (1924-1939), the other in Spain as the director of the French Institute of Barcelona (1939-1964) - he travelled extensively abroad, particularly in the Americas: Brazil, Argentina, Uruguay and Québec. He may have been the French geographer who was the best known abroad and who promoted the largest number of geography departments and associations in various places. As a disciple of Jean Brunhes, he succeeded in associating the promotion of French culture to the promotion of geography.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.011 | 0.038 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.015 | 0.008 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".