Effect of repeated administration of low‐dose silver nitrate for pleurodesis in a rabbit model
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Both the efficacy and toxicity of sclerosing agents are likely to be dose-dependent. Clinical pleurodesis strategies typically involve single bolus dose administration of drugs. This study was designed to test whether repeated administration of low doses of silver nitrate (SN) could lead to effective pleurodesis. METHODS: Intrapleural administration, to rabbits, of decreasing doses of SN or normal saline was undertaken daily over 1, 5 or 14days. Assessment of the degree of pleurodesis was by visual inspection (score 1-8) and histological examination and scoring of inflammation and fibrosis (score 0-4). The untreated contralateral side was used as a control. A visual pleurodesis score of ≥5 was considered to be positive. RESULTS: The lowest concentrations of SN leading to a visual pleurodesis score ≥5 were 0.425%, 0.085% and 0.05% for 1, 5 and 14day administration protocols respectively (P<0.05 vs control side). Visual pleurodesis scores decreased as the dose of SN decreased within each administration regimen groups (P<0.05 for single and 14day groups, P=0.058 in 5day group). A significant correlation was noted between visual pleurodesis scores and histology fibrosis scores. CONCLUSIONS: Effective pleurodesis can be achieved in an animal model with repeated daily administration of SN at doses significantly lower than the lowest effective single day dose. This finding could lead to better tolerated pleurodesis regimens.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".