Patient-derived hepatitis C virus inhibits CD4+ but not CD8+ T lymphocyte proliferation in primary T cells
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) can replicate in cells of the immune system and productively propagate in primary T lymphocytes in vitro. We aimed to determine whether exposure to authentic, patient-derived HCV can modify the proliferation capacity, susceptibility to apoptosis and phenotype of T cells. METHODS: Primary total T cells from a healthy donor were used as targets and plasma-derived HCV from patients with chronic hepatitis C served as inocula. T cell phenotype was determined prior to and at different time points after exposure to HCV. T cell proliferation and apoptosis were measured by flow cytometry-based assays. RESULTS: The HCV inocula that induced the highest intracellular expression of HCV also caused a greatest shift in the T cell phenotype from predominantly CD4-positive to CD8-positive. This shift was associated with inhibition of CD4+ but not CD8+ T cell proliferation and did not coincide with altered apoptotic death of either cell subset. CONCLUSIONS: The data obtained imply that exposure to native HCV can have an impact on the relative frequencies of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells by selectively suppressing CD4(+) T lymphocyte proliferation and this may occur in both the presence and the absence of measurable HCV replication in these cells. If the virus exerts a similar effect in vivo, it may contribute to the impairment of virus-specific T cell response by altering cooperation between immune cell subsets.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".