Identification of Voltage‐Activated Calcium Currents in Renal Afferent and Efferent Arterioles of the Rat
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Based on indirect methods, it is suggested that both L‐ and T‐type Ca channels mediate signaling in the renal afferent arteriole (AA) and that T‐type Ca channels are involved in signaling in the efferent arteriole (EA). Our study was initiated to characterize Ca currents in these vessels, directly, using patch clamp. Native myocytes were isolated from individually isolated rat AA and EA and from tail arteries. Inward currents were measured in physiologic 1.5 mmol/L Ca and 10 mmol/L Ba using the whole‐cell configuration. By exploiting known differences in activation and inactivation properties and sensitivities to nifedipine and kurtoxin, we could readily demonstrate the presence of both L‐ and T‐type Ca channels in myocytes from the rat tail artery. AA myocytes exhibited relatively large Ca current densities (−2.0±0.2 pA/pF), which increased 3.6 fold in Ba. These currents were blocked by nifedipine, but not by kurtoxin or mibefradil and did not exhibit the activation and inactivation characteristics of T‐type Ca channels, compared to tail artery myocytes. EA myocytes did not exhibit a marked voltage‐activated inward current in 1.5 mmol/L Ca. Thus, our findings support the physiologic role of L‐type Ca channels in the AA, but not EA, and do not support the premise that T‐type Ca channels are significantly present in either vessel. Supported by the Royal Society and the Alberta Heritage Foundation for Medical Research.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".