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Record W1570406961

Nikos Kazantzakis, Nietzsche, and the Myth of the Hero

2005· article· en· W1570406961 on OpenAlexvenueno aff
Marinos Pourgouris

Bibliographic record

VenueInternational fiction review · 2005
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldArts and Humanities
TopicNietzsche, Schopenhauer, and Hegel
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsZoroasterTemptationMythologyPhilosophyLiteratureHEROEschatologyMeaning (existential)ZoroastrianismDestiny (ISS module)New TestamentTheologyArtEpistemology
DOInot available

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

In practicality same circumstances under which Christ was born, his dark brother, Antichrist, would be born, and he would work very much same miracles but in order to mankind. (1) C. G. Jung's statement, given during his five-year-long seminar on Zarathustra, may be extended to express parodic structure of Thus Spoke Zarathustra. Out of travesty of Gospels Nietzsche's Antichrist is born to seduce mankind away from paleontological Christian eschatology and into new vision of Overman. Jung called tendency of any concept to give birth to its opposite enandiodromia. (2) same enandiodromic relationship exists between Nikos Kazantzakis's Last Temptation of Christ (3) and story of Jesus Christ as is revealed in New Testament. Both Nietzsche and Kazantzakis employ return to historical moral arena in which counter value-system was born. historical being, writes Mircea Eliade, man killed God, and after this assassination--this 'deicide'--he is forced to live exclusively in (4) In myth, time is reversible: a primordial mythical time made present. (5) In other words, mythological time attempts return back to indeterminable epoch in which things 'originated.' neo-historical modern era, however, is independent of sacred mythological time, and thus return to moment when hierophany (6) gains its meaning constitutes both deconstruction and fixing. death of God poses an enormous threat to life and its capacity for transcendence: Last Man--a modern nihilist. Both Last Temptation's and Zarathustra's return to arena of Christian morals aims to shudder its moral foundations as well as to provide process that overcomes nihilist attitude of Last Man. (7) In essence, both Last Temptation of Christ and Thus Spoke Zarathustra are statements of what we may call historic To clarify this point we first need to understand relationship between myth and history as well as Nietzsche's perception of history. Similar to Nietzsche, Mircea Eliade places history before myth. The historical event in itself, he writes, however important, does not remain in popular nor does its recollection kindle poetic imagination save insofar as particular historical event closely approaches mythical model. (8) One should note at this point importance of what Nietzsche termed mnemotechnics in process of mythologization. In second essay of his Genealogy of Morals, Nietzsche discusses in detail importance of memory in emergence of particular morality. If something is to stay in memory, he writes, it must be burned in: only that which never ceases to hurt stays in memory. (9) As an intricate part of mythology is indicative of certain morality that reflects value system of particular society. However, only hurts when this value system is of strict good vs. evil morality. (10) Nevertheless, Eliade perceives the memory of collective as unhistorical: the memory of historical events is modified, after two or three centuries, in such way that can enter into mold of archaic mentality, which cannot accept what is individual and preserves only what is exemplary. This reduction of events to categories and of individuals to archetypes, carried out by consciousness of popular strata in Europe almost down to our day, is performed in conformity with archaic ontology. We might say that popular memory restores to historical personage of modern times its meaning as imitator of archetype and reproducer of archetypal gestures.... (11) tendency to perceive history and mythology as opposites is apparent. History is irreversible and new; Mythology is primordial and archaic. memory does not preserve history--myth does. Is mythology then possible in modern unhistorical era? …

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesInsufficient payload (model declined to judge)
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Not applicable · Consensus signal: Not applicable
GenreCandidate signal: Review · Consensus signal: none
Teacher disagreement score0.580
Threshold uncertainty score0.998

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0030.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.024
GPT teacher head0.267
Teacher spread0.243 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.

Study designNot applicable
Domainnot available
GenreReview

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations0
Published2005
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

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