The polyfunctionality of memory CD8+ T cells in response to chronic and acute viral infections is not influenced by age (105.49)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract As humans age, they experience a progressive loss of thymic function and a corresponding shift in the nature of the circulating CD8+ T cell population from naïve to memory phenotype. These alterations are believed to result in impaired development of CD8+ T cell immunity in older individuals; however evidence that these global changes impair antigen-specific CD8+ T cell responses in the elderly is lacking. To address this possibility, we studied CD8+ T cell memory development following primary exposure to West Nile virus (WNV) in a cohort of young (<40 yrs), middle-aged (41-60 yrs) and aged (>61 yrs) individuals using polychromatic flow cytometry. Although the aged cohort displayed the previously described alterations in the CD8+ T cell compartment, including a marked loss of naïve CD8+ T cells, accumulation of CD28- and CD57+ T cells, we did not observe any influence of age on either the breadth, magnitude or functionality of antigen-specific CD8+ T cells following WNV, cytomegalovirus (CMV) or Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) peptide stimulation. We did however observe virus-specific CD8+ T cell functional differences between WNV, CMV and EBV. Collectively these data fail to support the hypothesis that immunosenescence leads to defective CD8+ T cell immunity and suggest that it should be possible to develop CD8+ T cell vaccines to protect aged individuals from infections with novel and emerging viruses.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".