A multiple linear regression GIS module using spatial variables to model orographic rainfall
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper aims to document the development of a new GIS-based spatial interpolation module that adopts a multiple linear regression technique. The functionality of the GIS module is illustrated through a test case represented by the island of Crete, Greece, where the models generated were applied to locations where estimates of annual precipitation were required. The response variable is ‘precipitation’ and the predictor variables are ‘elevation’, ‘longitude’ and ‘latitude’, or any combination of these. The module is capable of performing a sequence of tasks which will eventually lead to an estimation of mean areal precipitation and the total volume of precipitation. In addition, it can generate up to nine predictor variables and their parameters, and can estimate areal rainfall for a user-specified three-dimensional extent. The developed module performed satisfactorily. Precipitation estimates at ungauged locations were obtained using the multiple linear regression method in addition to some conventional spatial interpolation techniques (i.e. IDW, Spline, Kriging, etc.). The multiple linear regression models provided better estimates than the other spatial interpolation techniques.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".