Subcritical Water Extraction of Polysaccharides Using a Semi-Batch Extractor
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Subcritical water is an environmentally friendly method with a wide range of applications, such as extraction,hydrolysis, and wet oxidation of organic compounds. Here, water at subcritical conditions was applied to extractpolysaccharides from Ganoderma lucidum (G. lucidum) and barley grains at 120 – 180 oC and 4.0 MPa using asemi-batch system. The liquid products were directly micronized and contacted with hot air to form microsphereparticles. During extraction process, cell wall disruptions of G. lucidum and barley grains took place, allowingthe removal of the polysaccharides isolating other constituents in G. lucidum and barley grains viaautohydrolysis. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images described that the particle products produced hadsphere and wrinkled morphology of particles with diameters varying from 1 to 10 μm. The experimental resultrevealed that the particles formed from G. lucidum and barley grains extract contained 40-45% and 30-35%weight β-glucan, respectively.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".