Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Applications of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy as an analytical tool in liquid crystals (LCs) are surveyed. Proton, deuteron, carbon‐13, and nitrogen‐14 are commonly used as probes in solid‐state NMR of condensed phases. Their usages in LCs are discussed in some details. Complex mathematical expressions needed to interpret NMR observables (both equilibrium and dynamic properties) are kept to a minimum, and the reader can refer to original articles and books for details. As it is impossible to provide an exhaustive coverage of the literature, selective examples are chosen to highlight areas of recent interests in the study of liquid‐crystal materials, particularly thermotropics, in terms of their physics and chemistry. Orientational/positional order parameters are readily obtained in ordered liquid‐crystal phases by means of NMR. They can serve as characteristic signatures of the studied mesophases. Liquid‐crystal ordering depends on intermolecular potentials among neighboring molecules. Solutes dissolved in LC solvents are good candidates to reveal different ordering mechanisms. Nonzero spin interactions are used to determine molecular structure of large and small molecules, and/or their conformation statistics. Nuclear spin relaxation times are readily measured by means of different NMR pulse techniques and can be powerful for revealing dynamic properties of mesogens with increasing structural complexity.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.010 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it