Microbial mediation of authigenic clays during hydrothermal alteration of basaltic tephra, Kilauea Volcano
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Highly altered, glassy tephras within the active steam vents at Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii, contain subsurface bacteria characterized by small (<500 nm in diameter), epicellular grains attached directly to the cell walls. Compositionally, the grains were dominated by Si, Al, Fe, and K, in a stoichiometry similar to a dioctahedral smectite. The initial dissolution of glass, which may in part have been microbiologically mediated, served as the source for many of the elements sequestered into the biomineralized clays. Overlying the tephras are white crusts (silica and calcite) and green‐colored biofilms. The biofilms comprise a filamentous, likely cyanobacterial, community coated with spherical (<100 nm in diameter) grains of amorphous silica directly attached to the sheaths. Individual precipitates can easily be resolved, but quite often they coalesce, forming a dense mineral matrix of amorphous silica. For both the clays and silica, the microbial surfaces are clearly sites for mineral nucleation and growth. These observations imply that microbial biomineralization may be a significant process in the overall alteration of primary basaltic glass in active steam vent systems.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".