Impact heating and coupled core cooling and mantle dynamics on Mars
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Several giant impact basins of mid‐Noachian age have been identified on Mars, and the global magnetic field appears to have vanished at about the same time. The impacts that formed these basins delivered a large amount of heat to the planetary interior, modified the pattern of mantle convection, and suppressed core cooling, potentially contributing to the cessation of dynamo activity. Here we investigate the thermal evolution of Mars in response to the largest basin‐forming impacts, using a new method of coupling models of mantle convection with parameterized core cooling. We find that heating by a large impact generates a strong hemispheric upwelling in the mantle, which quickly spreads into a warm layer beneath the stagnant lid. The impact heating of the core leads to spherically symmetric stratification of the core; the outermost layers are strongly heated. This acts as a thermal “blanket” that prevents cooling of the interior and shuts down core convection. While the hottest part of the thermal blanket in the outermost core disappears relatively quickly, dynamo activity does not restart for ~100 Myr, and the core does not return to a fully convective state for ~1 Gyr following the impact.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".