Abstract P098: Maternal Insulin/Glycemic Regulation, Leptin, and Adiposity Levels are Associated with Newborn Adiposity
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Introduction: Leptin is a hormone secreted by adipocytes that circulates in proportion to body fat. Placenta also produces leptin suggesting a specific role during pregnancy, maybe contributing to pregnancy-induced insulin resistance. Objective: To determine the associations between maternal levels of leptin, glucose and insulin and weight/adiposity measures in newborns. Methods: A population-based cohort of pregnant women in the region of Sherbrooke, Canada was recruited in early pregnancy (n=1040 at 1 st trimester). Maternal anthropometry was measured and blood samples were collected at the 1 st and 2 nd trimesters to measure glucose (hexokinase), leptin and insulin (ELISA Luminex, Millipore Canada). Birth weights were recorded from the medical records in 783 newborns (full term >36 weeks). We measured skinfolds in 199 newborns within 72h after birth, using a standardized caliper. We measured triceps, biceps, subscapular and supra-iliac skinfolds and the sum of skinfolds was used for analysis representing overall neonatal adiposity. Correlations and linear regression analyses were performed to evaluate the associations between maternal metabolic characteristics and neonatal weight/adiposity measures. Results: Birth weight was associated with maternal body mass index (BMI; r=0.18 and r=0.20 at 1st and 2 nd trimesters respectively; both P <0.001), percent body fat (%bf; r=0.25; P <0.001), weight gain over pregnancy (r=0.14; P <0.001), and fasting leptin (r=0.15, P <0.001). Surprisingly, crude birth weight was not associated with maternal glycemic or insulin levels at 1 st or 2 nd trimesters (all P >0.05). In contrast, sum of skinfolds was associated with maternal fasting glucose (r=0.17, P =0.01) and fasting insulin (r=0.24, P =0.001), in addition to fasting leptin (r=0.18, P =0.01) at 2 nd trimester. Sum of skinfolds was also associated with maternal BMI (r=0.18, P =0.008 at 1 st and r=0.21, P =0.003 at 2 nd trimester) and %bf (r=0.19; P =0.005). After adjustments for maternal BMI or %bf, sum of skinfolds remained significantly associated with maternal fasting insulin (all P <0.05), but not with maternal leptin levels ( P =0.16 to 0.35) Conclusion: These results suggest that maternal insulin/glycemic regulation has a greater impact on neonatal adiposity than overall crude birth weight. Birth weight and neonatal adiposity are both associated with maternal leptin levels, likely representing maternal own adiposity levels that might influence neonatal outcomes directly or indirectly.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".