Contribution of arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis to in vitro root metal uptake: from trace to toxic metal conditionsThis paper is one of the papers presented at the 50th Annual Meeting of the Canadian Society of Plant Physiologists (CSPP) held at the University of Ottawa, Ontario, in June 2008. Other papers from this meeting are presented in the July 2009 Special Issue of <i>Botany</i>.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This in-vitro study investigated the role of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis in root metal acquisition and stress tolerance from two experiments using a carrot root-organ culture system, and involving the essential micronutrient zinc as a typical metal contaminant. We demonstrated that the AM symbiosis plays a dual role in root metal acquisition by increasing nutrient uptake via mycorrhizal “enhanced uptake” at low (trace) metal concentrations in the growth medium, but then lessening the uptake through “metal-binding” processes at high (toxic) concentrations. Furthermore, we also observed the relative contribution of hyphal uptake and translocation to roots, which led us to suggest that the enhanced uptake and metal-binding processes likely occur simultaneously and (or) independently. Ultimately, symptoms of metal toxicity toward both the roots and AM fungi at the highest Zn exposure concentrations was observed. From this finding, a critical toxicity burden likely exists arising from conditions ranging from trace to toxic metal extremes.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".