Colon cancer chemopreventive properties of β-Escin, a triterpene saponin constituent of Aesculus hippocastanum
Bibliographic record
Abstract
2474 Extracts of Aesculus hippocastanum (horse chestnut) seed have been used in the treatment of chronic venous insufficiency, edema and hemorrhoids. Most of the medicinal beneficial effects of horse chestnut are attributed to its principal component β-escin or aescin. Recent studies suggest that β-escin may possess anti-inflammatory, anti-hyaluronidase, and anti-histamine properties. We have evaluated the preventive efficacy of dietary β-escin on azoxymethane (AOM)-induced colonic aberrant crypt foci (ACF) and analyzed the tumor cell growth inhibitory effects in the HT-29 human colon cancer cell line. To evaluate inhibitory properties of β-escin on colonic ACF, 7-week-old male F344 rats were fed experimental diets containing 0, 0.025% or 0.05% β-escin. One week later rats received s.c. injections of AOM (15 mg/kg body wt., once weekly for 2 weeks) or equal volume of normal saline (vehicle). Rats were continued on experimental diets for 10 weeks and sacrificed. Colons were evaluated histopathologically for ACF and expression levels of markers associated with proliferation and apoptosis. Administration of dietary β-escin significantly suppressed total colonic ACF formation (∼43%, p
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".