ANTIČKI OBJEKTI U UVALI DOBRIKA NA OTOKU VELIKI BRIJUN

The power of argument deriving from the proportions of the antique villas in Dobrika Cove and the material finds recovered in the course of the research in the period between 1976 and 1984 changes the picture of antique Brijuni. The size, the content, and the luxury of the villa rustica built on three terraces in Verige Bay have been attracting the attention of guests and visitors for a hundred years. It was only in the second half of the last century that they acquired a silent companion, that is, the villa rustica in Dobrika cove, whose revival has brought to light the oldest Roman villa present on the islands of Brijuni. The material remains and social circumstances date the villa back to the period between the second half of the 2 nd century BC and the first quarter of the century BC, that is, to the period between 129 and 79 BC. Even though the facility has not been fully researched, the material remains and finds offer an insight not only into dating but also into the owners' various activities and needs. The life necessities of the people who occupied the villa were determined by the economic resources (fertile land, animals and the sea) which dictated the development of agriculture, live stock breeding and fishery. This antique enclave, which is relatively distant from any hill forts, lived until the time of the civil war between Anthony and Octavian, when it was destroyed. In the first half of the 1 st century AD, a big Roman villa, 51 meters x 58.7 meters in size, was built above, to the east and to the north of the abovementioned villa. The facilities are situated behind the three tracts of the peristyle that wind the courtyard, while the fourth, sea-oriented side, is closed by a colonnade. The colonnade connects to the western facade of the facility at the raised ground floor height. The above mentioned is sufficient for the reader to conclude that the western facade is formed, on both sides, by a raised ground floor building with a double-slope roof. The inside slopes of the roof construction, at the dripping edge level, are connected by a series of architraves posed on the pillars whose bases are situated at the bottom of the raised ground floor. Behind the western facade are rooms constituted by an elevation of the area reserved for machinery as well as the space above the cellar and the stable. The arrangement of the rooms indicates great respect for Vitruvius' advice - the cellar area is situated to the north, while the stables and the residential area are to the south; recommendations regarding the relations of the sizes, communication, and other recommendations were also implemented. All these elements were used in the construction of the central economic facility where the predominant position is assigned to the grape processing units, must fermentation facilities, and cellar areas. The presence of two facilities next to the central one, and of several other facilities, indicate that the estate was far more complex than was previously believed. Specifically, a smaller dislocated facility with a rather large residential area, a fireplace and a small bathroom, seems to have been the residence of wage labourers or slaves who, by all appearances, worked at the nearby quarry (fig. 7 2). The other facility (fig. 7 3 and fig. 9), situated in the immediate vicinity, is even more interesting, not so much for its size and finely worked architectural elements, but more for the presence of yet another grape processing unit.

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